Explanation: Species diversity, or the number of species and the abundance of species at a given location, can be increased, decreased, or remain unchanged by predation.

Does predation decrease species diversity?

Predation can have large effects on prey populations and on community structure. Predators can increase diversity in communities by preying on competitive dominant species or by reducing consumer pressure on foundation species.

What can predation reduce?

The ability of predators to reduce prey populations is generally ascribed to the consumption of prey individuals. However, predators may also induce behavioral changes in prey individuals, which can reduce prey survival and reproduction.