This did succeed as it triggered Asta to go berserk and let his Devil possess him more than ever. Fans have dubbed this new form "Black Asta 50%" and Chapter 243 of the series sees Asta unleash this berserk power as he tries to land a blow on Dante after not being able to throughout the fight thus far.

What episode does Asta go berserk?

Episode 162 of the series shows off Dante's terrifying power even before he starts using his Devil abilities. It's revealed that he has a powerful gravity magic, and his base abilities are already far beyond the realm of the Black Bulls.

Does Asta permanently lose his arm?

Instead of disappearing along with the rest of his Weg attributes when he uses his anti-magic, Asta's Devil right arm is now permanent as none of the medical mages available can do anything about it. ... So even though Asta's body is permanently changed, there is a way to keep it from changing further.