The term fundamentalist was coined in 1920 to describe conservative Evangelical Protestants who supported the principles expounded in The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth (1910–15), a series of 12 pamphlets that attacked modernist theories of biblical criticism and reasserted the authority of the Bible.

When did the fundamentalist movement began?

Fundamentalism, in the narrowest meaning of the term, was a movement that began in the late 19th- and early 20th-century within American Protestant circles to defend the "fundamentals of belief" against the corrosive effects of liberalism that had grown within the ranks of Protestantism itself.

What caused fundamentalism in the 1920s?

Fundamentalist Movement was led by conservative evangelical Christians in reaction to modernism and liberalism. ... A major Biblical Conference, the World's Christian Fundamentals Association, organized a campaign against the teaching of Darwin's theory of evolution in American schools.