Vector Addition and Pythagorean Theorem

Vector Addition and Pythagorean Theorem
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Finding length or magnitude using vector addition and the Pythagorean theorem.

I am trying to understand why vector addition and the Pythagorean theorem are giving different results?

Vector Addition :

According to diagram (A) : $\vec{a} + \vec{b} = \vec{c}$

now suppose : magnitude of $\vec{a} = 3$, magnitude of $\vec{b} = 4$ then

$\|\vec{c}\| = \|\vec{a}\| + \|\vec{b}\|$

$\|\vec{c}\| = 3 + 4$

magnitude of c = 7

Pythagorean Theorem

Now when we consider this as a triangle shown in diagram (B)

Similarly, length of $a = 3$, length of $b = 4$

so according to Pythagorean theorem

$\text{hypotenuse}^2 = \text{opposite}^2 + \text{adjacent}^2$

$c^2 = a^2 + b^2$

i.e.

$c^2 = 3^2 + 4^2$

$c = \sqrt{9 + 16} = \sqrt{25}$

length of c = 5

Why there is inconsistency in the results? I am doing something wrong?

Thanks!

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1 Answer

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Vector Magnitude

The magnitude of a vector $(\vec{a} + \vec{b})$ is obtained in a similar way to that for Pythagorean triangles. It is incorrect to simply add up magnitudes of $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$.

Rather, $\| \vec{c} \| = \sqrt {\| \vec{a} \| + \| \vec{b} \|} $ (See link).

Khan Academy

As @JMoravitz has already demonstrated.

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David Miller
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David Miller

David Miller brings 15 years of experience in global economics, personal finance strategy, and market dynamics. He specializes in turning complex economic trends into actionable insights for everyday readers.