Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) is among the most favorable MD configurations. In this process, the vapor is withdrawn by exerting a vacuum pressure to the permeate side of the membrane, which is kept as just lower than the saturation pressure of volatile components in the hot feed.

What is membrane distillation used for?

Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for treating saline water and wastewater with high rejection factors, which cannot be accomplished by conventional technologies. MD is a thermally driven separation process in which only the vapor molecules pass through a microporous hydrophobic membrane.

What is membrane distillation process?

Membrane distillation (MD) is a separation process where a micro-porous hydrophobic membrane separates two aqueous solutions at different temperatures. The hydrophobicity of the membrane prevents mass transfer of the liquid, whereby a gas-liquid interface is created.