Infiltration occurs when surface water enters the soil. This process is similar to pouring water onto a sponge. The sponge soaks up the water until it can hold no more. At this point, the soil becomes saturated, but the excess water has to go somewhere.

What causes infiltration to occur?

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. ... Infiltration is caused by multiple factors including; gravity, capillary forces, adsorption and osmosis. Many soil characteristics can also play a role in determining the rate at which infiltration occurs.

What causes infiltration in the water cycle?

The infiltration depends on the availability of water at the soil surface and on soil characteristics which influence the water retention capacity and hydraulic conductivity. The movement of water into the soil is caused by gravitation and is affected by forces of soil particles on the water.