An optical waveguide is a physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves in the optical spectrum. Common types of optical waveguides include optical fiber and transparent dielectric waveguides made of plastic and glass.

What is meant by optical waveguide?

An optical waveguide is a spatially inhomogeneous structure for guiding light, i.e. for restricting the spatial region in which light can propagate. Usually, a waveguide contains a region of increased refractive index, compared with the surrounding medium (called cladding).

Is optical Fibre a waveguide?

Optical fiber is actually a waveguide for light and operates in accordance with a principle known as total internal reflection. ... Total internal reflection happens when a propagated wave strikes the boundary between two dissimilar materials, provided that the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle.