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Does Chlorine Show Mesomeric Effect?

Maya Lin-Takahashi • • 7 min read
Does Chlorine Show Mesomeric Effect?

A substituent's mesomeric effect may have the same sign as its inductive effect

inductive effect
In chemistry, the inductive effect is an effect regarding the transmission of unequal sharing of the bonding electron through a chain of atoms in a molecule, leading to a permanent dipole in a bond. ... In short, alkyl groups tend to donate electrons, leading to the +I effect.
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though the signs may also be opposite to each other. The nitro group, for instance, is characteristic of a -I and a -M effect, while chlorine ( Cl -) and the methoxy group ( O C H 3 -) have a -I and a +M effect.

Does Cl Show +M effect?

Cl shows a negative inductive effect due to its high electronegativity means it withdraws the electron density from the benzene ring, so it is a deactivating group. So, Cl is ortho/para directing and shows + M effect due to non-bonding electrons and it is deactivating due to high electronegativity.

Does chlorine show effect?

Chlorine has a lone pair of electrons and hence, shows +R effect. ... Therefore, we can conclude that chlorine, being an electron withdrawing group, still acts as an ortho-para directing group in the case of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Maya Lin-Takahashi
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Maya Lin-Takahashi

Maya is a hardware enthusiast who tests and reviews smart home devices, smartphones, wearables, and audio gear. She focuses on practical consumer value and build quality.