The first states were mostly monarchies, as far as we can tell. They were ruled by kings or queens. The earliest monarchies that we know about are the ones in Sumer and Egypt. These both began around 3000 BC.

How was kingship invented?

Of the two main theories on the origin of kingship, the first holds that it originates from within the social group, while the other holds that it has external origins, such as the result of military conquest. The majority of available historical and ethnographic data supports the second hypothesis.

What is kingship in history?

1 : the position, office, or dignity of a king. 2 : the personality of a king. 3 : government by a king.