Laterites are formed by the decomposition of different kind of rocks, under conditions yielding aluminum and iron hydroxides. The different theories of origin are discussed, as well as the chemical process of laterization, and the geographic distribution of this peculiar type of clay.

Where are laterite soil formed?

Laterite, soil layer that is rich in iron oxide and derived from a wide variety of rocks weathering under strongly oxidizing and leaching conditions. It forms in tropical and subtropical regions where the climate is humid.

Is laterite a mineral or rock?

The laterite is loose Fe-rich subsoil rock formed as a result of residual enrichment and precipitation of iron hydroxide and oxide minerals from iron-derived deeper in the profile. This horizon can be composed largely of pisolites, gravel-sized subspherical accretionary concentrations (Ridley, 2013).