Streams carve through hard layers of rock, breaking down or eroding it. Sediment from the worn-away rock is then carried downstream. Over time, this erosion will form the steep walls of a gorge. The flooding of streams or rivers increases the speed and intensity of this erosion, creating deeper and wider gorges.

How are gorges formed by waterfalls?

A gorge is formed as a result of a change in rock type at a waterfall. At the base of a waterwall the pressure and hydraulic action of the falling water causes the softer rock which is underneath to erode forming a plunge pool.

How are gorges and canyons formed?

Canyons have been formed through long periods of time and frequent erosion from a plateau level. The steep cliffs are formed as these hard rocks are resistant to erosion or any type of weathering. 4. Gorges are mainly formed because of the flow of water or lava.