Permittivity as a function of frequency can take on real or complex values. In SI units, permittivity is measured in farads per meter (F/m or A2·s4·kg−1·m−3). The displacement field D is measured in units of coulombs per square meter (C/m2), while the electric field E is measured in volts per meter (V/m).
How is electric permittivity measured?
Generally, relative permittivity is measured using a metallic waveguide or a coaxial waveguide that is filled with the material to be measured [1], [2]. These methods require lots of time and cost in order to process a material to fit in a waveguide without a gap between the metal walls and the dielectric material.
How is permeability and permittivity measured?
Both permeability and permittivity values of any material can be obtained using microwave vector network analyzer (MVNA). This indeed can be done via reflection method or through reflection/transmission method. However, since the material is a thin film, a proper way is needed to enable the probe to touch its surface.
