All types of glial cells arise from a common brain stem cell (stem cells are a type of cell that can turn into many different types of cells). Gliomas form when these immature stem cells mutate and grow out of control. There are many types of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells.

Why does glioma happen?

Gliomas are caused by the accumulation of genetic mutations in glial stem or progenitor cells, leading to their uncontrolled growth. Mutated genes are typically involved in functions such as tumor suppression, DNA repair, and regulation of cell growth.

How do gliomas start?

Gliomas begin in the gluey supportive cells (glial cells) that surround nerve cells and help them function. Three types of glial cells can produce tumors.