Specialization encourages trade between countries because a country can get what it needs at the lowest cost when it is produced by another country that specializes in that item.

Who benefits from specialization and trade?

Countries become better at making the product they specialize in. Consumer benefits: Specialization means that the opportunity cost of production is lower, which means that globally more goods are produced and prices are lower. Consumers benefit from these lower prices and greater quantity of goods.

Does specialization increase trade?

When nations specialize, this exchange creates gains from trade. The benefits of specialization include a larger quantity of goods and services that can be produced, improved productivity, production beyond a nation's production possibility curve, and finally, resources that can be used more efficiently.