Excavation is the process of moving things like earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives. It includes earthwork, trenching, wall shafts, tunneling, and underground. ... Several different processes are used in excavation, including trenching, digging, dredging, and site development.

What are the three methods of excavation?

Techniques used to find a site may include remote sensing (for example, by aerial photography), soil surveys, and walk-through or surface surveys. The digging of shovel tests, augured core samples and, less commonly, trenches may also be used to locate archaeological sites.

How is excavation done in site?

Setting out or ground tracing is the process of laying down the excavation lines and centre lines etc. on the ground before the excavation is started. ... Excavation is done by manual or machine means depending on the availability. The excavated soil is to either removed out the site or stocked around the excavation pit.