For any ethical hunter, 200 yards is about the limit of ballistic and shooter performance for a modern muzzleloader.

What is the maximum range for a muzzleloader?

There are exceptions (which we'll get into with the next article in this series), but a typical muzzleloader probably has a maximum effective range of around 150, maybe 200 yards.

What is the effective range of a .50 cal muzzleloader?

muzzleloader. With the "open sights" rules in effect in Washington for muzzleloaders (i.e., no scopes!), I have found my effective range for a deer-sized animal to be about 100 yards. Using a peep sight has extended this to about 110-120 yards, but I am usually reluctant to shoot that far.