Biogeography, the study of the geographical distribution of organisms, provides information about how and when species may have evolved. Fossils provide evidence of long-term evolutionary changes, documenting the past existence of species that are now extinct.

How does biogeography supports the theory of evolution?

Biogeography is the study of how and why plants and animals live where they do. ... Broadly, the theory of evolution is supported by biogeography through evidence such as the species on Earth being distributed around the planet based on their genetic relationships to each other. It also provides evidence for evolution.

What are examples of biogeography supporting evolution?

Island Biogeography

The biogeography of islands yields some of the best evidence for evolution. Consider the birds called finches that Darwin studied on the Galápagos Islands (see Figure below). All of the finches probably descended from one bird that arrived on the islands from South America.