Decrease in NO bioavailability by endothelial dysfunction would lead to elevation of blood pressure. An imbalance of reduced production of NO or increased production of reactive oxygen species, mainly superoxide, may promote endothelial dysfunction.

How does the endothelium affect blood pressure?

In summary, due to its position between the blood pressure and smooth muscle cells responsible for peripheral resistance, the endothelium is thought to be both victim and offender in arterial hypertension. The delicate balance of endothelium-derived factors is disturbed in hypertension.

What is the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and hypertension?

The evidence reviewed suggests that inflammation can lead to the development of hypertension and that oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the inflammatory cascade. Aging and aldosterone may also both be involved in inflammation and hypertension.