The proposed Gravitation Model. In this section, a new Centroid-Based Classification Model, i.e., Gravitation Model (GM), is introduced to easily overcome the inherent shortcomings (or biases) of CBC in the class-imbalanced dataset.

What is centroid based clustering?

Centroid-based clustering organizes the data into non-hierarchical clusters, in contrast to hierarchical clustering defined below. k-means is the most widely-used centroid-based clustering algorithm. Centroid-based algorithms are efficient but sensitive to initial conditions and outliers.

What is model-based clustering analysis?

Model-based cluster analysis is a new clustering procedure to investigate population heterogeneity utilizing finite mixture multivariate normal densities.