Yes, you can have a full linux operating system installed on an external hdd.

Is it possible to install OS on external hard drive?

An external hard drive is a storage device that does not sit inside the computer’s chassis. Instead, it connects to the computer via a USB port. … Installing Windows OS on an external hard drive is very similar to installing Windows or any other operating system on an internal hard drive.

Can Ubuntu be installed on external hard drive?

To run Ubuntu, boot the computer with the USB plugged in. Set your bios order or otherwise move USB HD to the first boot position. The boot menu on the usb will show you both Ubuntu (on the external drive) and Windows (on the internal drive). … Choose Install Ubuntu to the entire virtual drive.