In chemistry, hydronium is the common name for the aqueous cation H 3O+ , the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water. It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton to the surrounding water molecules.
How is oxonium ion formed?
Other hydrocarbon oxonium ions are formed by protonation or alkylation of alcohols or ethers (R−C−−R1R2). Secondary oxonium ions have the formula R2OH+, an example being protonated ethers. ... It is also used for preparation of enol ethers and related functional groups.
How do you name oxonium ions?
According to IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry, the hydronium ion (H3O+) should be referred to as oxonium. Hydroxonium may also be used unambiguously to identify it. A draft IUPAC proposal also recommends the use of oxonium and oxidanium in organic and inorganic chemistry contexts, respectively.
