Emetic agents are a class of medications used to induce nausea and vomiting for the emergency treatment of poisoning with certain toxins that have been swallowed. Although its use is now discouraged, the most commonly used drug for this purpose is ipecac syrup.

When should emetics be used?

Emetics are recommended only in patients that are asymptomatic, with little risk for developing aspiration pneumonia, and that have recently ingested the material (<1-2 hours).

In what conditions are emetics contraindicated?

Emetics are contraindicated in patients that are hypoxic, dyspneic, unable to swallow, hypovolemic or comatose. Emetics should not be given to animals which have ingested strong acids or alkalis because the contents of the vomitus may cause further damage to esophageal, pharyngeal or oral tissues.