By default, the photos or videos you share on Telegram are compressed to reduce the file size. This also lowers down the image quality. But if you want, you can send your gallery files in uncompressed form, i.e., their original quality.
Does Telegram compress files?
You can use the Send Without Compression feature to send videos in their original quality. When selecting a video to send, tap the three-dots in the attachment window and tap Send Without Compression.
Does Telegram desktop compress video?
On Telegram Desktop, you can choose to send videos compressed or uncompressed. To change the size, you'll have to use external software, a bot or transfer the video to your mobile device and change it there.