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Just so, what makes something kosher?

Kosher food is food prepared in accordance with Jewish Dietary Laws. To qualify as kosher, mammals must have split hooves, and chew their cud. Fish must have fins and removable scales to be considered kosher. Only certain birds are kosher.

Likewise, why is milk and meat not kosher? Observant Jews do not eat meat and dairy together because doing so is prohibited in the Torah; in fact, this is prohibited three times (from which the Rabbis derive that not only may one not eat milk and meat together, but it is also forbidden to prepare milk and meat together or to derive any benefit from doing so).

In this regard, is milk always kosher?

Milk is also pretty basic from a kashrus perspective; so long as it is not cholov beheimah temei'ah (milk from a non-kosher species) or cholov akum (milk which is unsupervised or of unverified origin), milk is always kosher. Milk is a wondrous compound of water, fat, proteins, sugar, minerals and bacteria.

Is it kosher to eat chicken with dairy?

There is no prohibition to cook poultry (or meat from a chaya) and milk together (the food may not be eaten, but one may derive benefit from it). Similarly, there is no prohibition to cook meat from a non-kosher species mixed with milk. However, our custom is to prohibit cooking non-kosher nevaila meat and milk.