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In respect to this, how many quantum fields are there?
Are they generally/universally believed to be real and the most fundamental aspect of our universe or just a mathematical construct? I've read that there are 24 fundamental quantum fields: 12 fields for fermions and 12 for bosons.
Subsequently, question is, does the quantum field exist? Quantum fields are matter. In a quantum field theory, what we perceive as particles are excitations of the quantum field itself. The simplest “practical” quantum field theory is quantum electromagnetism. In it, two fields exist: the electromagnetic field and the “electron field”.
Keeping this in consideration, do electromagnetic fields have mass?
Other waves, such as sound waves, can not travel through a vacuum. An electromagnetic wave is perfectly happy to do that. An electromagnetic wave, although it carries no mass, does carry energy. It also has momentum, and can exert pressure (known as radiation pressure).
How do particles get mass?
The Higgs field gives mass to fundamental particles—the electrons, quarks and other building blocks that cannot be broken into smaller parts. The energy of this interaction between quarks and gluons is what gives protons and neutrons their mass.