IMiDs inhibits endothelial sprout formation and vessel migration in vitro models. Anti-angiogenesis occurs via modulation of chemotactic factors involved in endothelial cell migration including TNFa, VEGF and βFGF secreted by BMSC, rather than direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation.

What is the mechanism of action of immunomodulators?

Pleiotropic mechanism of action of immunomodulatory drugs. IMiDs increase T-cell activation and T-cell clonal proliferation by costimulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by CD28 phosphorylation. They exert direct cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell adhesion molecules.

What drugs are IMiDs?

The immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), including thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, have contributed to the marked improvement in outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma. IMiDs have pleiotropic effects on myeloma cells and other immune cells.