Although oral rehydration with an electrolyte (salt) solution may be adequate in treating mild hypovolemia (particularly when caused by diarrhea or vomiting), intravenous fluids and blood products are preferred means of treatment for more severe hypovolemia.

How is hypovolemia corrected?

Hypovolemia shock with hypotension should be treated by rapid restoration of intravascular volume using isotonic crystalloid solutions such as 0.9% saline. In the first two hours 1-2 L of fluid may be required to correct hypovolemia.

How does the body compensate for hypovolemia?

The body compensates for volume loss by increasing heart rate and contractility, followed by baroreceptor activation resulting in sympathetic nervous system activation and peripheral vasoconstriction. Typically, there is a slight increase in the diastolic blood pressure with narrowing of the pulse pressure.