Physiological control Aortic pressure (AoP) is normally maintained by the baroreflex, which adjusts vascular resistance, venous tone, HR, and contractility [30]. However, this mechanism may be diminished in heart failure, partly due to reduced ventricular contractility.

What increases venous flow?

Contraction of the skeletal muscles surrounding veins increases the pressure within the veins, pushing open the proximal valve and forcing blood toward the heart. For example, when calf muscles contract during exercise, blood is forced toward the heart, thus increasing venous return.

How do you increase venous return?

Muscle contraction. Rhythmical contraction of limb muscles occurring during normal locomotory activity (walking, running, swimming) promotes venous return by the muscle pump mechanism.