As mentioned, passive processes do not use ATP but do need some sort of driving force. It is usually from kinetic energy in the form of a concentration gradient. Molecules will tend to move from high to low concentrations by the random movement of molecules.

Does passive transport require energy?

1.4. Passive transport requires no energy input, as compounds are able to move freely across the membrane based only on a favourable concentration gradient (Figure 1.11).

Does all active transport require ATP?

Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. … There are two types of active transport: primary active transport that uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and secondary active transport that uses an electrochemical gradient.