Latin for “by the court.” An opinion from an appellate court that does not identify any specific judge who may have written the opinion.

What does the term per curiam mean?

Latin for “by the court.” An opinion from an appellate court that does not identify any specific judge who may have written the opinion.

What does affirmed per curiam affirmed mean?

Per curiam decisions are issued by the court as a whole rather than authored by a specific judge. Per curiam affirmed (PCA) means that the appeals court affirms the trial court’s decision without issuing an opinion or explanation of its own.