Absolute method of determination Absolute methods are based on the evaluation of concentration (amount) with the use of fundamental physical constants and/or universal quantities only. For such methods the instrument constant should be evaluated using theoretical principles.

What are the methods of food analysis?

The most common analytical methods for food quality assessment are mass spectrometry (MS) usually coupled to liquid (LC) or gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

What are the common instrumental methods used in the analysis of micro and nano components in food samples?

The most widely used detection techniques for NMs in food and agricultural samples include: microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and autofluorescence, among others (Caldwell et al., 1992; Contado et al., 1999; You et al., 2002; Durand et al., 2003; …