Pretty much any cut or burn that goes deeper than the outer layer of the skin can affect the fingerprint pattern in a permanent way. But even with permanent scarring, the new scar becomes a unique aspect of that person's fingerprint.

Can a deep cut change your fingerprint?

A deep cut through the outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, and down to the dermis leaves a scar that will change a fingerprint, but not make it any less unique.

What can mess up a fingerprint?

Warm or cool your fingers

If your fingers are too warm, your fingers can cause shadows or “halos” around your fingerprints that obscure the ridges. If they're too cool, your fingerprints may be too faint for the technician to capture good detail.