These findings indicate that activated microglia are an important source of oxidative damage: activated microglia promote oxidative stress in MS, which accounts for the features of MS pathological findings.

Does microglia cause demyelination?

Previous studies demonstrated that microglia can be persistently infected by neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) which causes meningoencephalitis, myelitis with subsequent axonal loss, and demyelination and serve as a virus-induced model of human neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS).

What Neuroglial cell is most affected by multiple sclerosis?

Astrocytes are increasingly recognized as cells that critically contribute to the development of MS lesions. Previously, astrocytes were believed to react only at a late, post-inflammatory stage by forming a glial scar, but are now considered early and active players in lesion pathology (16, 17).