Neutrophils remove bacterial and fungal pathogens through a process known as phagocytosis. Recognition of invading microbial pathogens is mediated by receptors present on the neutrophil surface, such as PRRs (e.g., TLRs) and opsonic receptors, which recognize host proteins that are deposited on the microbial surface.

How do neutrophils function?

Neutrophils help prevent infections by blocking, disabling, digesting, or warding off invading particles and microorganisms. They also communicate with other cells to help them repair cells and mount a proper immune response.

How do neutrophils kill viruses?

In summary, neutrophils are capable of recognizing viruses via PRRs as either opsonized virions or via endosomal TLR. Although the signaling cascade differs from other phagocytic cells, neutrophils are capable of responding to viral PAMPs with respiratory burst, degranulation of proteases and cytokines, and/or netosis.