But according to a new study, long-term use of these drugs may also negatively impact brain structure. Share on Pinterest Researchers say long-term use of antipsychotic medications – particularly first-generation antipsychotics – may lead to gray matter loss in the brain.

Do antipsychotics destroy the brain?

Drug for schizophrenia causes side effects by shrinking part of the brain. A leading antipsychotic drug temporarily reduces the size of a brain region that controls movement and coordination, causing distressing side effects such as shaking, drooling and restless leg syndrome.

What do neuroleptics do to the brain?

Neuroleptics typically work by affecting dopamine and, sometimes, serotonin levels in the brain to decrease psychosis symptoms. Dopamine and serotonin are both neurotransmitters, small molecules that transmit information across nerve cells and affect many major body systems, like the cardiovascular and nervous systems.