That could be one of a number of things gone wrong, but to answer your question, no, a cleaner shrimp will not harm an anemone.

Do anemones sting cleaner shrimp?

The cleaner shrimp has a mutualistic relationship with the fish. ... Although the Pederson's cleaner shrimp have an armored exoskeleton, this does not protect them from the sea anemones sting produced by the nematocysts. The cleaning shrimp has to adapt themselves to their host.

Do anemones eat fire shrimp?

How big is the Bubble Tip Anemone? A large one could certainly eat him. Especially if the shrimp pesters him or steals food. That said, in my opinion Bubble Tips are less likely to than other anemone types.