CTL induce lysis of target cells through the production of perforin, which induces holes in cell membranes, and the expression of FasL and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which induce apoptosis.

What do T cells cause?

Once stimulated by the appropriate antigen, helper T cells secrete chemical messengers called cytokines, which stimulate the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells, thereby promoting antibody production. Regulatory T cells act to control immune reactions, hence their name.

Do helper T cells lyse?

Human CD4+ T cells lyse target cells via granzyme/perforin upon circumvention of MHC class II restriction by an antibody-like immunoreceptor. J Immunol.