A headwind will cause groundspeed

to decrease. A tailwind will cause it to increase. Neither of these, however, has any effect on airspeed. The speed sensed by the airplane — the air moving over the wings — has no bearing on how fast it is moving relative to the ground.

How does headwind affect speed?

Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. A tailwind is a wind that blows in the direction of travel of an object, while a headwind blows against the direction of travel. A tailwind increases the object's speed and reduces the time required to reach its destination, while a headwind has the opposite effect.

How does a headwind affect the speed to fly at in a descent?

The descent angle relative to the ground will be affected by the wind. So, the descent gradient will be affected as well. A headwind will reduce the ground speed and therefore reduce the horizontal distance that aircraft travels in comparison to the no wind conditions.