Hypofunctional dysphonia — Results from an incomplete closure of the vocal cords or folds. Hyperfunctional dysphonia — Results from overuse of the laryngeal muscles and, occasionally, use of the false vocal folds

(the upper two vocal folds that are not involved in vocalization).

What is a Hyperfunctional voice?

Vocal hyperfunction occurs when the muscles of the larynx work too hard when speaking. The condition can be brought on by stress, reflux or other conditions.

What causes functional dysphonia?

Muscle tension dysphonia is a “functional dysphonia,” whereby a pattern of muscle use develops from irritants, laryngitis or even stress, among other conditions. While the initial cause may go away, the voice changes remain because of the excessive squeeze or tension that results with voice use.