In a local method invocation, parameter is passed by reference (the caller and the method called have a reference on the same object), whereas in a remote method invocation, parameters are passed by remote copy when the parameter is not a remote object.

Are parameters are passed in function by?

Arguments are passed by value; that is, when a function is called, the parameter receives a copy of the argument's value, not its address. This rule applies to all scalar values, structures, and unions passed as arguments. Modifying a parameter does not modify the corresponding argument passed by the function call.

How out and in parameters are passed by?

An out-parameter represents information that is passed from the function back to its caller. The function accomplishes that by storing a value into that parameter. Use call by reference or call by pointer for an out-parameter. For example, the following function has two in-parameters and two out-parameters.