The grooves in the rubber are designed to allow water to be expelled from beneath the tire and prevent hydroplaning. The proportion of rubber to air space on the road surface directly affects its traction. Design of tire tread has an effect upon noise generated, especially at freeway speeds.

Why do tyres of vehicles have grooves?

The grooves (or “voids”) on tyres are there to provide a channel for the water. Allowing the water to escape from underneath the tyre keeps the rubber in contact with the asphalt, maintaining good traction and avoiding slippage.

How do tire grooves affect friction?

The tread pattern of rubber tires plays a major role in determining their friction, or skid resistance. ... A patterned tire provides grooves or channels into which the water can squeeze as the tire rolls along the road, thus again providing a region of direct contact between tire and road.