In other cases they are not generally capitalized, though a few may be to distinguish them from words used in everyday speech (Cynicism, New Criticism) or when capitalized in the original foreign language (Arte Povera, Bauhaus, Dada). The lowercase style is preferred to avoid an undesirable profusion of capitals.

Do you Capitalise surrealism?

In general, in modern English, avoid capitals except for proper nouns. "Surrealist" and "surrealism" are not proper nouns.

Do you capitalize expressionism?

Some exceptions are made in the general system of capitalization. ... We lean toward capitalizing any adjectival form that would be capitalized as a noun as the simpler method (thus avoiding such ambiguities as “German expressionist painter”: expressionist of German nationality or of the German Expressionist movement?).