The lack of spin stabilization and the generally suboptimal aerodynamic shape of the shot pellets also make them less accurate and decelerate quite quickly in flight due to drag, giving shotguns short effective ranges.

What is the maximum range of a 12 gauge shotgun?

Shotguns are typically considered close-range firearms, especially when loaded with buckshot. Beyond about 30 to 50 yards, the spread from most shotguns becomes too unpredictable to reliably guarantee that any of the pellets will hit the intended target.

How far away can you hear a shotgun?

Regular Gun

A handgun shot can be heard as far as 1 mile away depending on the conditions. More powerful shotgun ammunition can be heard up to 2 miles away.