The characteristic impedance is determined by Z0 = √ ZlZh. where Z0 = V 0/I0. Thus, to determine Z0 we merely plot the input impedance Zi as a function of frequency in the complex plane when the cable is terminated in an arbitrary impedance ZL.

What is the formula for the characteristic impedance of a transmission line?

The velocity and characteristic impedance of a transmission line have similar forms v=1√L′C′Z0=√L′C′ v = 1 L ′ C ′ Z 0 = L ′ C ′ If you look at open wire lines (two parallel wires insulated by air), the velocity is the speed of light, no matter what the separation is between the wires.

What is the formula of intrinsic impedance?

In general, the intrinsic impedance or wave intrinsic impedance of an electromagnetic wave traveling through a medium can be given by the ratio of its electric to magnetic field intensities, that is, E/H. For a uniform plane wave traveling in a given medium, E/H is a constant and provides the impedance.