Phonetic language means a language that its written form = spoken form. Or at least a 100% phonetic language is. Of course, there are stresses, pitches and other stuff that one cannot (or may not) show in the written form, but a phonetic language is a language whose written form is close to its spoken form.

Which language is phonetic language?

To linguists, any language, or at least any oral (i.e. not signed) language, is a "phonetic" language. To answer your main question, the degree of the "incongruity" or lack thereof of a language (or of its orthography to be precise) is known as orthographic depth.

Who is the father of phonetics?

Daniel Jones (1881-1967) is known as the father of phonetics. He was a linguist, and professor of phonetics at University College, London.