The only penguin that lives north of the equator is the Galapagos penguin. ... This species is able to survive at the equator because of the unique biogeography of the Galapagos Islands. Cold, productive water travels from Antarctica via the Humboldt Current, which flows to this island group.

Why are there penguins in the Galapagos?

The reason that this bird can survive in this location is thought to be due to the Humboldt Current which brings cool waters to the Galapagos Islands. It is believed that the penguins got to the islands from southern Chile, carried perhaps by a storm or strong ocean currents.

How did Galapagos penguins get there?

Galapagos penguins are thought to have been brought to the Galapagos islands by the Humboldt Current, which brings cold waters and nutrients north from Antarctica. One of the main problems for these penguins is keeping cool. Living close to the equator it can get to over 38°C during the daytime.