You would use ANOVA to help you understand how your different groups respond, with a null hypothesis for the test that the means of the different groups are equal. If there is a statistically significant result, then it means that the two populations are unequal (or different).

Under what conditions can ANOVA be applied?

Assumptions for Two Way ANOVA

The population must be close to a normal distribution. Samples must be independent. Population variances must be equal (i.e. homoscedastic). Groups must have equal sample sizes.

What is ANOVA and why is it used?

Analysis of variance, or ANOVA, is a statistical method that separates observed variance data into different components to use for additional tests. A one-way ANOVA is used for three or more groups of data, to gain information about the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.