There are certainly scenarios where Darth Vader would have the upper hand in a duel with Yoda, but in most cases, Yoda would be the more likely victor. Vader wields absurd levels of Force power during his dark side prime that would certainly rival Yoda's own abilities, but likely not exceed them.

Is Yoda more powerful than Darth Vader?

4 Stronger: Yoda

Of all of the Jedi, Yoda is truly the best of the best. ... However, had Yoda and Darth Vader fought each other both at full power, the fight arguably would have landed in Yoda's favor. Both are proficient with a lightsaber and with the Force, but Yoda might just be a little bit better.

Who is stronger than Darth Vader?

In fact, in a particularly compelling storyline, it's revealed there was indeed a Jedi Master far more powerful than Darth Vader in the galaxy. His name was Kirak Infil'a, and across the third and fourth issues of Dark Lord of the Sith, the exiled Jedi very nearly ended Vader's brutal reign of terror for good.