"Affected" means "impacted, created an effect on, changed in a certain way." "Effected" means "executed, brought about, produced something."

Were affected or were effected?

Affected can be used as a past tense verb that means influenced or changed. It can also be used as an adjective to refer to a noun that has been affected (the affected body part). Effected is a past tense verb that means brought about or achieved. It's a very subtle difference from affected.

Did this affect you or effect you?

Affect is usually a verb meaning "to produce an effect upon," as in "the weather affected his mood." Effect is usually a noun meaning "a change that results when something is done or happens," as in "computers have had a huge effect on our lives." There are exceptions, but if you think of affect as a verb and effect as ...